Together with the rough sketches and drawings accompanying them, the notes reveal Leonardo’s relentless intellectual curiosity, offering a glimpse into one of the greatest minds in history.

The central theme of the work is water, but this quickly expands into astronomy (because he believed that the moon’s surface was covered in water), light and shade, and mechanics, as he investigates aspects of impetus, percussion, and wave action in the movement of water. Along the way Leonardo makes observations on such diverse subjects as why the sky appears blue, the journey of a bubble rising through water, why fossilized seashells are found on mountaintops, and the nature of celestial light. The Codex is the only one of Leonardo’s manuscripts in North America.